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Review ArticleREVIEWS AND CONTEMPORARY UPDATES

Can Nurturing the Young Be the Key to Tackling Chronic Diseases in the Old? A Narrative Review With a Global Perspective

Bethany Holt, Nayereh Kaviani, Mehul Sheth and Mieke van Driel
Ochsner Journal December 2018, 18 (4) 364-369; DOI: https://doi.org/10.31486/toj.18.0054
Bethany Holt
1Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, , Australia
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Nayereh Kaviani
2School of Medicine, Griffith University, , Australia
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Mehul Sheth
1Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, , Australia
3Department of Internal Medicine, Ochsner Clinic Foundation, ,
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Mieke van Driel
4Primary Care Clinical Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, , Australia
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  • For correspondence: m.vandriel@uq.edu.au
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    Table 1. Progress on Child Health and Education According to the Millennium Development Goal (MDG) Targets11
    Child Health IndicatorProgress 1990-2015MDG 2015 Target
    Under 5-year-old mortality91 to 43 deaths/1,000 live births53% reduction66% reduction
    Neonatal mortality36 to 19 deaths/1,000 live births47% reduction66% reduction
    Underweight25% to 14% of under 5-year-olds50% reduction
    Primary education81% to 91% enrollment100%
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    Table 2. Areas of Child Well-Being Incorporated Into the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)16
    Well-Being AreaChild-Related SDG IndicatorsRelated SDG
    Survive and thriveUnder 5-year-old mortality, neonatal mortality, maternal mortalitySDG 3
    Births attended by skilled personnel, adolescent birth rate
    New HIV infections, malaria incidence
    Vaccinations (MCV1, DPT3)
    Access to essential health services
    Stunting (chronic undernutrition), wasting (acute undernutrition), and overweightSDG 2
    LearnChildren under 5 years developmentally on trackSDG 4
    Organized learning 1 year before primary school
    Reading and mathematics proficiency in lower secondary school
    Proportion of schools with access to WASH
    Protection against violence, exploitation, and harmful practicesViolence against girls, child marriage, female genital mutilation/cuttingSDG 5
    Child laborSDG 8
    Intentional homicide, conflict-related deaths, violence from caregivers, sexual violence on girls and boys under 18 years, birth registrationSDG 16
    Safe, clean environmentBasic drinking water, sanitation, and hygiene servicesSDG 1
    Mortality rate from household/ambient air pollutionSDG 3
    Safely managed drinking water and sanitation services, handwashing facilities, open defecationSDG 6
    Use of clean fuelsSDG 7
    Deaths from natural disastersSDG 13
    Fair chance in lifeExtreme poverty, below national poverty line, multidimensional poverty, social protection floors/systemSDG 1
    • DTP3, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis vaccine full series; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MCV1, measles-containing vaccine first dose; WASH, water, sanitation, and hygiene.

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Ochsner Journal: 18 (4)
Ochsner Journal
Vol. 18, Issue 4
Dec 2018
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Can Nurturing the Young Be the Key to Tackling Chronic Diseases in the Old? A Narrative Review With a Global Perspective
Bethany Holt, Nayereh Kaviani, Mehul Sheth, Mieke van Driel
Ochsner Journal Dec 2018, 18 (4) 364-369; DOI: 10.31486/toj.18.0054

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Can Nurturing the Young Be the Key to Tackling Chronic Diseases in the Old? A Narrative Review With a Global Perspective
Bethany Holt, Nayereh Kaviani, Mehul Sheth, Mieke van Driel
Ochsner Journal Dec 2018, 18 (4) 364-369; DOI: 10.31486/toj.18.0054
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  • Article
    • Abstract
    • INTRODUCTION
    • INFANT AND CHILD HEALTH IN THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS ERA
    • IMPORTANCE OF A GOOD START IN LIFE
    • A ROLE FOR HEALTH PROFESSIONALS AND HEALTHCARE SYSTEMS
    • SHIFTING TO AN INVERSE-CARE LENS
    • CONCLUSION
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Keywords

  • Child development
  • child mortality
  • chronic disease
  • health services accessibility
  • healthy lifestyle
  • social determinants of health

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