RT Journal Article
SR Electronic
T1 Treatment of Refractory Angina
JF Ochsner Journal
JO Ochsner J
FD O. P. Jindal Global University
SP 220
OP 226
VO 9
IS 4
A1 Mark A. Grise
A1 Anil Verma
YR 2009
UL http://www.ochsnerjournal.org/content/9/4/220.abstract
AB It is estimated that as many as 1,000,000 people in the United States have chronic symptomatic coronary artery disease (often referred to as refractory angina) that is recalcitrant to medical therapy and unamenable to conventional revascularization procedures. Patients have reproducible lifestyle-limiting symptoms of chest pain, shortness of breath, and easy fatigability. Several new therapies are available to treat this difficult patient population, including newer drugs, enhanced external counterpulsation, transmyocardial revascularization, and cell-based therapies. This article reviews the current state of the art for treatment of refractory angina.