TY - JOUR T1 - Mycotic Pulmonary Artery Aneurysm Mimicking a Rasmussen Aneurysm JF - Ochsner Journal JO - Ochsner J SP - 104 LP - 107 VL - 18 IS - 1 AU - Stephanie C. Cajigas-Loyola AU - Ricky L. Miller AU - Bradley Spieler AU - Gregory Carbonella Y1 - 2018/03/20 UR - http://www.ochsnerjournal.org/content/18/1/104.abstract N2 - Background: Mycotic aneurysms arising from the pulmonary arteries are rare; only a few cases have been reported. Staphylococcus and Streptococcus species are the most common causative pathogens. Mycotic aneurysms are seldom clinically apparent unless as a sequela of adverse procedural complications. They carry high morbidity and mortality if not treated expeditiously.Case Report: We present the case of a 37-year-old male with bacteremia and bronchopneumonia associated with a pulmonary artery mycotic aneurysm. The case was confounded by clinical features mimicking a Rasmussen aneurysm. We discuss distinctive imaging features, disease mechanism, typical presentation, and management.Conclusion: While mycotic aneurysms are uncommon, certain clinical scenarios warrant consideration of the diagnosis, such as a history of intravenous drug use, bacterial endocarditis, and immunocompromise. Rapid identification is critical to prevent life-threatening complications such as vessel rupture. Computed tomography allows for an accurate and timely diagnosis, and interventional embolization is a fast, minimally invasive curative treatment. Given similar risk factors and presentation, a mycotic aneurysm can be indistinguishable from a Rasmussen aneurysm; therefore, appropriate precautions should be taken while adequate microbiologic assessment is performed. ER -