Table 4.

Comparison of Personality Trait Means ± SDs for The University of Queensland (UQ)-Ochsner Students and All Others (Combined Scores of Domestic and International Students)

Trait	Student Group	n	Mean ± SD	95% CI for Mean	P value	Cohen d
Novelty seeking^a	UQ-Ochsner	75	2.82 ± 0.42	0.01 to 0.23	0.026	0.29
	All others	300	2.70 ± 0.42
Harm avoidance^a	UQ-Ochsner	75	2.56 ± 0.66	−0.40 to −0.05	0.011	0.33
	All others	300	2.78 ± 0.69
Reward dependence^a	UQ-Ochsner	75	3.45 ± 0.60	−0.08 to 0.19	0.414	0.11
	All others	300	3.39 ± 0.51
Persistence^a	UQ-Ochsner	75	3.91 ± 0.47	−0.04 to 0.23	0.159	0.19
	All others	300	3.81 ± 0.55
Self-directedness^a	UQ-Ochsner	75	3.85 ± 0.55	0.05 to 0.34	0.008	0.34
	All others	300	3.66 ± 0.58
Cooperativeness^a	UQ-Ochsner	75	4.07 ± 0.42	−0.09 to 0.13	0.667	0.04
	All others	300	4.05 ± 0.44
Self-transcendence^a	UQ-Ochsner	75	2.95 ± 0.65	0.14 to 0.45	0.001	0.46
	All others	300	2.65 ± 0.62
Resilience^b	UQ-Ochsner	74	84.99 ± 8.60	1.19 to 6.28	0.004	0.39
	All others	296	81.25 ± 10.27
Calling^c	UQ-Ochsner	74	8.24 ± 1.71	0.26 to 1.27	0.003	0.41
	All others	296	7.48 ± 2.05

Note: Cohen d values > 0.3 are considered moderate to strong.
↵^aTemperament and Character Inventory means are calculated based on a Likert scale of 1 to 5: 1.00-1.50=very low, 1.51-2.50=low, 2.51-3.50=average, 3.51-4.50=high, and 4.51-5.00=very high.
↵^bResilience scores range from 14-98. Low scores are <65, moderate scores are 65-81, and high scores are >81.
↵^cCalling scores range from 2-10. Higher scores equate to a higher levels of calling.