Risk factors for syncope in a community-based sample (The Framingham Heart Study)
Section snippets
Subjects
The original participants in the Framingham Heart Study were enrolled in 1948. At study inception, the cohort contained 5,209 men and women aged 28 to 62 years from Framingham, Massachusetts. Since then, subjects have undergone biennial examinations to assess factors predisposing these subjects to cardiovascular disease. Details of study design and selection criteria are described elsewhere.18, 19
A second ongoing study, the Framingham Offspring Study, began in 1971, enrolling 5,124 offspring
Risk factors
Univariate analyses (Table II)identified 4 “highly significant” (i.e., p value <0.01) and 2 “nominally significant” (i.e., p value <0.05) risk factors for syncope, namely, history of stroke or transient ischemic attack, high blood pressure, cardiac medication use, and measured systolic blood pressure, as well as high blood pressure treatment and diabetes or elevated glucose level. Alcohol intake, history of myocardial infarction, and presence of PR interval prolongation were of marginal
Discussion
We recognize that syncope is a symptom attributable to different causes, and by itself is not a disease process. Although this study cannot definitely determine etiologies of syncope, several plausible risk factors did emerge from our analyses. Individuals with a history of stroke or transient ischemic attack were >2.5 times as likely to experience syncope. This may be due to recurrence of stroke or transient ischemic attack with loss of consciousness, neurologically mediated hypotension,
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2022, American Journal of SurgeryCitation Excerpt :In addition, the use of anti-arrhythmic and antiplatelet medications increased the risk of syncopal fall. These medications often indicate underlying cardiac arrhythmia and cardiovascular disease, both of which have been closely related to syncope.3,10,12–16 The presence of cardiovascular disease and hypotension, in the setting of syncope, have been shown to predict serious adverse outcomes in both short- and long-term.
Atrial Fibrillation Is Associated With Syncope and Falls in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
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2019, American Journal of Emergency MedicineCitation Excerpt :Syncope is common occurrence, as 1 in 4 people will experience an episode in their lifetime [1-3].
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2011, Advances in Medical SciencesCitation Excerpt :In agreement with previous studies [18,35], we found the strongest association between SC, but also NS and OH. Moreover, our results support other studies [35] in that there is an independent link between OH, syncope and the use of vasoactive drugs. Our results showed a positive association between angiotensin receptor blockers and S/NS.