Circulation Journal
Online ISSN : 1347-4820
Print ISSN : 1346-9843
ISSN-L : 1346-9843
Pediatric Cardiology and Adult Congenital Heart Disease
The Follow-up Evaluation of Electrocardiogram and Arrhythmias in Children With Fluminant Myocarditis
Rie IchikawaNaokata SumitomoAkiko KomoriYuriko AbeTakahiro NakamuraJunji FukuharaMasaharu MatsumuraMichio MiyashitaHiroshi KanamaruMamoru AyusawaHideo Mugishima
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2011 Volume 75 Issue 4 Pages 932-938

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Abstract

Background: Fulminant myocarditis involves various serious arrhythmias that sometimes have lethal consequences. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the electrocardiogram findings, arrhythmogenicity and abnormalities of the cardiac conduction system in children with fulminant myocarditis. Methods and Results: Between 1999 and 2008, 7 consecutive patients (mean age: 7 years) who suffered from fulminant myocarditis were included in the study. A 12-lead electrocardiogram, Holter monitoring and signal-averaged electrocardiograms were performed and compared between the acute, convalescent, and recovery phases in the 4 surviving patients. Also, electrophysiologic assessment was carried out during the convalescent phase. Five out of 7 patients developed complete atrioventricular block, 3 developed ventricular tachycardia, 2 had cardiac arrest, 2 developed sinus tachycardia, 1 developed ventricular fibrillation, 1 had advanced atrioventricular block, and 1 developed sick sinus syndrome. Among the surviving patients, all arrhythmias resolved during the convalescent and remote phases. No atrial or ventricular arrhythmias were induced in any patients during the programmed stimulation study. In the convalescent phase, no arrhythmias could be induced and there were no signs of any conduction abnormalities on electrophysiological assessment. Conclusions: Close follow-up should be performed to observe for the occurrence of any new arrhythmias and/or a decrease in cardiac function in children with fulminant myocarditis. (Circ J 2011; 75: 932-938)

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© 2011 THE JAPANESE CIRCULATION SOCIETY
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