Gamer's Thrombosis: A Review of Published Reports

Kerry Anne Rambaran; Saeed K. Alzghari

doi:10.31486/toj.19.0058

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Table.

Cases of Gaming Thrombosis

Case	Sex, Age	Thrombosis Type	Gaming Time	BMI, kg/m²	Cigarette Use	FVL Hetero-zygosity	Sedentary Lifestyle	Family History	Other Risk Factors	Treatment	Death	Recurrence
Braithwaite et al, 2018¹¹	M, 44	PE	36 h	48.4	Yes	No	Yes	No	Bariatric surgery	6 months of warfarin with LMWH bridge; aspirin; LMC	No	No
Kohorst et al, 2018¹²	M, 18	PE	Up to 12 h/d	37	No	Yes	No	No	No	6 months of AC; LMC	No	No
Kohorst et al, 2018¹²	M, 15	PE, DVT	4-12 h/d	50	No	No	Yes	No	No	6 months of AC; weight management program	No	No
Kohorst et al, 2018¹²	M, 13	PE, DVT	Several h/d	56	No	No	Yes	Yes	GBS	3 months of AC; 6 months of PT	No	No
Kohorst et al, 2018¹²	M, 17	PE, DVT	Several h	39	No	Yes	Yes	No	MTS	6 months of AC; LMC	No	Yes
Brodmann et al, 2015¹³	F, 21	PE, DVT	3 h	N/A	No	No	No	Yes	Second- generation birth control pills	Surgery for thrombus removal with UFH during the procedure; IVC filter	No	No
Lee et al, 2015¹⁴	M, 16	PE, DVT	>13 h/d	N/A	No	No	Yes	No		2.5 years of AC; IVC filter	Yes	Yes
Braithwaite et al, 2014¹⁵	M, 42	PE	48 h	38	No	No	No	No	Klinefelter syndrome	6 months of warfarin with LMWH bridge; LMC	No	No
Chang et al, 2013¹⁶	M, 31	DVT	7-8 h/d	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Thrombolysis with UFH and urokinase	No	No
Hayes et al, 2013¹⁷	M, 15	PE	16-18 h	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	PTE with UFH and tPa; warfarin therapy	No	No
Kim et al, 2009¹⁸	M, 36	PE, DVT	12 h/d for 2 weeks	29.4	Yes	No	No	No	No	Thrombolysis with UFH and tPa; 6 months of warfarin with LMWH bridge	No	No
Phipps and Ng, 2008¹⁹	M, 33	DVT	2-3 h/d	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	AC; LMC	No	No
Chew, 2006²⁰	M, 16	PE, DVT	3 h	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Thrombolysis; IVC filter; warfarin therapy	No	Yes
Lee, 2004²¹	M, 24	PE	80 h	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	Found deceased in bathroom	Yes	No
Ng et al, 2003²²	M, 12	DVT	4 h	N/A	No	No	No	No	No	AC	No	No

AC, anticoagulation; BMI, body mass index; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; F, female; FVL, factor V Leiden; GBS, Guillain-Barré syndrome; IVC, inferior vena cava; LMC, lifestyle modification counseling; LMWH, low molecular weight heparin; M, male; MTS, May-Thurner syndrome; N/A, not available; PE, pulmonary embolism; PTE, pulmonary thromboendarterectomy; tPa, tissue plasminogen activator; UFH, unfractionated heparin; VTE, venous thromboembolism.