Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure.
Average annual decline in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores in smokers vs nonsmokers.
Tables
Variable Patients with Alzheimer Disease, n=100 Mini-Mental State Examination score, mean (SD) 22.63 (5.77) Montreal Cognitive Assessment score, mean (SD) 18.19 (5.56) Decline in Mini-Mental State Examination score per year, mean (SD) 2.43 (2.82) Decline in Montreal Cognitive Assessment score per year, mean (SD) 2.39 (1.88) Age at diagnosis, years, mean (SD) 74.75 (7.67) Male 41 (41) Marital status Married 61 (61) Widowed 28 (28) Single 5 (5) Divorced 4 (4) Other 2 (2) Race White 73 (73) Nonwhite (Black, Hispanic) 27 (27) Vascular risk factors Diabetes mellitus 29 (29) Cerebrovascular accident 13 (13) Smoking 40 (40) Alcohol 36 (36) Hypothyroidism 19 (19) Major depressive disorder 34 (34) Note: Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
- Table 2.
T Test Results for Two Independent Means to Assess Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) Score Changes Over Time in Patients With Alzheimer Disease
Variable Decline in MMSE Score Decline in MoCA Score Sex Male 2.26 (2.67) 2.06 (1.82) Female 2.25 (2.79) 2.43 (1.89) T Value 0.02 0.77 P Value 0.49 0.22 Race White 2.27 (2.92) 2.43 (1.94) Nonwhite (Black, Hispanic) 2.92 (2.35) 2.30 (1.77) T Value 0.65 0.25 P Value 0.26 0.40 Marital status Married 2.31 (2.98) 2.29 (1.79) Widowed 2.01 (2.20) 2.83 (1.87) T Value 0.37 1.02 P Value 0.36 0.16 Age <75 years 2.88 (3.43) 2.18 (2.15) ≥75 years 2.01 (2.11) 2.56 (1.64) T Value 1.05 0.78 P Value 0.15 0.22 Smoking Smoker 3.50 (3.20) 2.07 (1.72) Nonsmoker 1.54 (2.07) 2.58 (1.96) T Value 2.53 1.03 P Value 0.007 0.15 Alcohol Alcohol 2.96 (3.46) 1.98 (1.77) No alcohol 1.94 (1.73) 2.64 (1.89) T Value 1.32 1.34 P Value 0.097 0.093 Diabetes mellitus With 3.36 (3.33) 1.85 (1.59) Without 2.10 (2.60) 2.58 (1.97) T Value 1.34 1.34 P Value 0.09 0.09 Cerebrovascular accident With 2.48 (1.96) 2.50 (1.90) Without 2.31 (2.87) 2.39 (1.88) T Value 0.14 0.15 P Value 0.44 0.44 Hypothyroidism With 2.24 (2.04) 2.45 (1.41) Without 2.24 (2.76) 2.62 (2.46) T Value 0.002 0.23 P Value 0.50 0.41 Major depressive disorder With 1.61 (1.94) 2.22 (1.96) Without 2.60 (3.01) 2.52 (1.84) T Value 1.16 0.58 P Value 0.13 0.28 Note: Data other than T and P values are presented as n (%).
In this issue
Jump to section
Cited By...
- No citing articles found.