Article Figures & Data
Figures
- Figure 1.
Preoperative and postoperative visual analog scale pain severity scores by treatment group. Lower scores indicate better outcomes (decreased pain severity). AMUC, amniotic umbilical cord tissue; Ctrl, control; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.
- Figure 2.
Preoperative and postoperative Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale scores by treatment group. Higher scores indicate better outcomes. AMUC, amniotic umbilical cord tissue; Ctrl, control; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.
Tables
Variable AMUC Group, n=24 PRP Group, n=40 Control Group, n=49 P Value Sex 0.0379 Male 13 (54.2) 29 (72.5) 22 (44.9) Female 11 (45.8) 11 (27.5) 27 (55.1) Age, years, mean ± SD 47.4 ± 15.3 47.0 ± 15.0 53.0 ± 11.8 0.0259 Body mass index, kg/m2, mean ± SD 31.9 ± 7.1 30.9 ± 6.7 31.1 ± 5.4 0.9385 ICRS grade 0.0005 0 5 (20.8) 21 (52.5) 10 (20.4) 1 13 (54.2) 12 (30.0) 21 (42.9) 2 6 (25.0) 7 (17.5) 18 (36.7) Side of tear 0.2350 Medial 16 (66.7) 29 (72.5) 26 (53.1) Lateral 6 (25.0) 8 (20.0) 13 (26.5) Medial and lateral 2 (8.3) 3 (7.5) 10 (20.4) Meniscus removed, %, mean ± SD 44.6 ± 22.3 51.5 ± 17.8 44.4 ± 25.7 Note: Data are presented as n (%) unless otherwise indicated.
AMUC, amniotic umbilical cord tissue; ICRS, International Cartilage Repair Society; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.
Treatment Group AMUC Group PRP Group Control Group Time Point Frequency Severity Frequency Severity Frequency Severity Baseline 8.13 ± 2.24 5.00 ± 2.87 3.65 ± 2.59 4.00 ± 2.73 5.00 ± 2.11 4.86 ± 2.68 3 months 4.33 ± 2.79 3.33 ± 3.14 Low n 3.61 ± 3.14 5.20 ± 3.43 4.86 ± 3.08 0.0002 0.0615 0.5680 0.8657 1.0000 6 months 4.00 ± 4.29 2.63 ± 2.83 Low n 3.28 ± 2.92 3.40 ± 3.37 4.38 ± 3.13 0.0649 0.0143 0.3004 0.1869 0.4434 12 months Low n 3.30 ± 1.79 Low n 3.55 ± 3.17 7.71 ± 3.50 5.18 ± 3.49 0.1207 0.6714 0.0895 0.7764 Notes: Data are presented as mean ± SD. The term Low n indicates inadequate sample size. The visual analog scale is scored from 0 to 10, with 0 indicative of no pain and 10 indicative of the most severe pain. P values reflect the statistical significance of the change from baseline.
AMUC, amniotic umbilical cord tissue; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.
- Table 3.
Preoperative and Postoperative Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form Scores
Treatment Group AMUC Group PRP Group Control Group Time Point Lysholm IKDC Lysholm IKDC Lysholm IKDC Baseline 44.26 ± 21.98 36.43 ± 17.06 48.41 ± 14.38 40.26 ± 2.73 48.35 ± 22.73 41.07 ± 19.99 3 months 66.47 ± 21.79 59.61 ± 16.91 65.58 ± 24.63 56.38 ± 20.76 59.70 ± 22.02 48.18 ± 21.07 0.0046 0.0003 0.0117 0.0053 0.0189 0.1127 6 months 67.43 ± 24.45 60.09 ± 22.44 56.64 ± 25.50 47.85 ± 20.79 60.24 ± 25.90 52.17 ± 26.23 0.0508 0.0322 0.3355 0.2772 0.0482 0.0610 12 months Low n Low n 56.00 ± 22.52 44.06 ± 16.11 57.36 ± 29.92 50.53 ± 28.53 0.6216 0.7263 0.3669 0.3184 Notes: Data are presented as mean ± SD. The term Low n indicates inadequate sample size. For the Lysholm Knee Scoring Scale and the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form, higher scores indicate better outcomes. P values reflect the statistical significance of the change from baseline.
AMUC, amniotic umbilical cord tissue; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.
- Table 4.
Preoperative and Postoperative Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Subscale Scores: Pain, Symptoms, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Sport and Recreation Function (Sports), and Knee-Related Quality of Life (QOL)
Treatment Group AMUC Group PRP Group Control Group Time Point Pain Symptoms ADL Sports QOL Pain Symptoms ADL Sports QOL Pain Symptoms ADL Sports QOL Baseline 46.0 ± 23.2 49.8 ± 16.9 51.7 ± 25.5 31.3 ± 25.1 27.4 ± 20.6 51.4 ± 17.6 49.4 ± 21.1 61.6 ± 24.7 46.0 ± 26.6 25.8 ± 16.2 53.0 ± 20.2 60.1 ± 19.3 59.0 ± 22.6 44.8 ± 31.3 31.3 ± 25.3 3 months 70.9 ± 18.3 69.3 ± 16.0 78.8 ± 18.3 58.2 ± 26.9 47.1 ± 26.0 75.3 ± 22.1 71.2 ± 23.8 79.7 ± 25.9 68.9 ± 27.0 49.5 ± 30.1 66.6 ± 19.2 69.2 ± 18.8 68.5 ± 23.1 46.0 ± 33.1 42.1 ± 25.2 0.0008 0.0011 0.0005 0.0055 0.0208 0.0044 0.0156 0.0802 0.0410 0.0355 0.0017 0.0289 0.0554 0.8626 0.0469 6 months 77.4 ± 15.7 74.5 ± 21.4 81.3 ± 13.9 57.1 ± 25.5 51.8 ± 31.2 68.9 ± 25.5 67.5 ± 25.8 73.1 ± 20.9 45.0 ± 38.6 22.9 ± 17.1 65.6 ± 24.4 69.2 ± 19.3 69.7 ± 24.9 53.2 ± 35.0 43.8 ± 31.3 0.0010 0.0219 0.0008 0.0405 0.0899 0.0814 0.0860 0.2663 0.9513 0.7569 0.0242 0.0533 0.0665 0.3085 0.0763 12 months Low n Low n Low n Low n Low n 55.6 ± 7.3 51.2 ± 7.4 55.4 ± 16.4 60.0 ± 13.2 33.3 ± 20.1 66.9 ± 27.6 69.3 ± 21.8 69.3 ± 27.6 56.5 ± 30.4 53.1 ± 28.1 0.5668 0.8154 0.6329 0.2560 0.5998 0.1403 0.2449 0.2952 0.2941 0.0264 Notes: Data are presented as mean ± SD. The term Low n indicates inadequate sample size. For the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome subscale scores, higher scores indicate better outcomes. P values reflect the statistical significance of the change from baseline.
AMUC, amniotic umbilical cord tissue; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.
- Table 5.
Preoperative and Postoperative 12-Item Short Form Survey Physical Component Score (PCS) and Mental Component Score (MCS)
Treatment Group AMUC Group PRP Group Control Group Time Point PCS MCS PCS MCS PCS MCS Baseline 34.58 ± 8.98 49.10 ± 12.40 51.82 ± 9.92 37.28 ± 8.70 51.36 ± 10.43 35.33 ± 10.20 3 months 40.75 ± 10.09 51.57 ± 10.60 53.98 ± 10.74 40.32 ± 10.99 51.41 ± 11.95 37.67 ± 12.80 0.0668 0.5216 0.4792 0.3133 0.9833 0.3534 6 months 47.44 ± 9.45 52.73 ± 15.13 52.81 ± 8.78 37.82 ± 10.50 48.30 ± 11.65 42.90 ± 14.01 0.0103 0.5796 0.7459 0.8733 0.2623 0.0170 12 months 47.70 ± Low n 42.60 ± Low n 51.89 ± 17.05 29.03 ± 2.06 42.33 ± 14.90 48.48 ± 11.57 0.9965 0.0179 0.0960 0.0059 Notes: Data are presented as mean ± SD. The term Low n indicates inadequate sample size. For the 12-Item Short Form Survey physical component score (PCS) and mental component score (MCS), higher scores indicate better outcomes. P values reflect the statistical significance of the change from baseline.
AMUC, amniotic umbilical cord tissue; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.
Complication/Procedure AMUC Group, n=24 PRP Group, n=40 Control Group, n=49 Revision meniscectomy 1 (4.2) 5 (12.5) 7 (14.3) Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty 0 2 (5.0) 2 (4.1) Total knee arthroplasty 1 (4.2) 2 (5.0) 7 (14.3) Bony realignment 0 1 (2.5) 1 (2.0) Repair or transplant 0 0 3 (6.1) Incision and drainage 0 2 (5.0) 0 Total 2 (8.3) 12 (30.0) 20 (40.8) Note: Data are presented as n (%).
AMUC, amniotic umbilical cord tissue; PRP, platelet-rich plasma.
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