Clinical Profile of Children Ages >1 Month to 14 Years Presenting to the National Institute of Child Health Emergency Department in 2017 (n=171,351)a
| Organ System | Clinical/Provisional Diagnosis | Number of Patients (%) |
|---|---|---|
| Respiratory system | 63,990 (37.3) | |
| Lower respiratory tract infection | 30,649 (47.9) | |
| Upper respiratory tract infection | 25,912 (40.5) | |
| Acute exacerbation of asthma/status asthmaticus | 5,840 (9.1) | |
| Pleural effusion | 506 (0.8) | |
| Stridor | 509 (0.8) | |
| Croup | 480 (0.8) | |
| Pneumothorax | 94 (0.2) | |
| Gastrointestinal system | 28,130 (16.4) | |
| Acute gastroenteritis | 25,881 (92) | |
| Appendicitis | 1,147 (4.1) | |
| Acute liver failure | 581 (2.1) | |
| Acute abdomen/peritonitis | 324 (1.2) | |
| Constipation | 181 (0.6) | |
| Liver abscess | 16 (0.1) | |
| Multisystem involvement | 27,217 (15.9) | |
| Sepsis/shock | 18,250 (67.1) | |
| Measles/mumps/chicken pox | 3,872 (14.2) | |
| Malaria | 2,818 (10.4) | |
| Poisoning/drug overdose | 1,132 (4.2) | |
| Allergy/anaphylaxis | 1,054 (3.9) | |
| Leukemia/lymphoma | 91 (0.3) | |
| Nervous system | 19,356 (11.3) | |
| Febrile fit | 9,742 (50.3) | |
| Meningitis/encephalitis | 6,547 (33.8) | |
| Epilepsy/status epilepticus | 1,758 (9.1) | |
| Cerebral malaria | 876 (4.5) | |
| Space-occupying lesion | 168 (0.9) | |
| Acute flaccid paralysis | 154 (0.8) | |
| Intracranial bleed/stroke | 111 (0.6) | |
| Trauma | 10,698 (6.2) | |
| Animal bite | 7,176 (67.1) | |
| Road traffic accidents | 3,118 (29.1) | |
| Burn | 137 (1.3) | |
| Foreign body ingestion | 94 (0.9) | |
| Tetanus | 86 (0.8) | |
| Head injury | 65 (0.6) | |
| Electric shock | 12 (0.1) | |
| Gunshot | 8 (0.1) | |
| Child abuse | 2 (0.0) | |
| Genitourinary system | 5,255 (3.1) | |
| Urinary tract infection | 3,196 (60.8) | |
| Renal colic | 1,127 (21.4) | |
| Known/suspected nephrotic syndrome | 565 (10.8) | |
| Suspected acute glomerulonephritis | 151 (2.9) | |
| Acute kidney injury | 126 (2.4) | |
| Hypertensive emergency/crisis | 90 (1.7) | |
| Hematologic system | 2,873 (1.7) | |
| Nutritional anemia | 1,528 (53.2) | |
| Known/suspected thalassemia | 1,100 (38.3) | |
| Known/suspected aplastic anemia | 61 (2.1) | |
| Febrile neutropenia | 19 (0.7) | |
| Others | 165 (5.7) | |
| Cardiovascular system | 2,309 (1.3) | |
| Septal defects | 1,311 (56.8) | |
| Tet spell | 280 (12.1) | |
| Patent ductus arteriosus | 157 (6.8) | |
| Myocarditis | 150 (6.5) | |
| Congestive cardiac failure | 150 (6.5) | |
| Transposition of great arteries | 135 (5.8) | |
| Arrhythmia | 126 (5.5) | |
| Endocrine/metabolic system | 1,347 (0.8) | |
| Electrolyte imbalance | 848 (63.0) | |
| Diabetic ketoacidosis | 342 (25.4) | |
| Hypoglycemia | 128 (9.5) | |
| Adrenal crisis | 15 (1.1) | |
| Inborn errors of metabolism | 14 (1.0) | |
| Earache/infections | 1,240 (0.7) | |
| Missed diagnosis | 8,936 (5.2) |
↵aDiagnoses for neonates (age 0 to 1 month) are not included in this table.