Study | Extracellular Vesicle | Sample Collection Type | Gestational Age, weeks | Isolation Method | Pregnancy | Biological Process Analyzed | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maternal circulation | Sabapatha et al, 200634 | Exosomes | Plasma | 28-30 | Immunomagnetic isolation | Normal | Maternal immune response |
Luo et al, 200935 | Exosomes | Plasma | 7-11 36-38 | Centrifugation | Normal | miRNA analysis | |
Sarker et al, 20145 | Exosomes | Plasma | 6-12 | Centrifugation and density gradient | Normal | Placental exosomes increase from 6-12 weeks | |
Salomon et al, 201425 | Exosomes | Plasma | 6-12 22-28 32-36 | Centrifugation and density gradient | Normal | Exosomes increase across gestation | |
Pillay et al, 201636 | Exosomes | Plasma | >30 | Centrifugation and density gradient | PE | High levels of placental exosomes in PE | |
Salomon et al, 20166 | Exosomes | Plasma | 11-14 22-28 32-36 | Centrifugation and density gradient | GDM | High levels of placental exosomes in GDM | |
Ratajczak et al, 201338 | Microvesicles | Plasma | N/A | N/A | Normal | Angiogenesis | |
da Silva Nardi et al, 201637 | Microvesicles | Plasma | 12-18 | Commercial kit | Normal | Immunologic role | |
Goswami et al, 200628 | STMB | Plasma | >34 | Centrifugation | PE, IUGR | High levels of placental STMB | |
Chen et al, 201239 | STMB | Plasma | >34 | Centrifugation | PE | High levels of placental STMB | |
Dragovic et al, 201314 | STMB | Plasma | >37 | Centrifugation | PE | High level of EVs in late-onset PE | |
Moro et al, 201640 | Microparticles | Plasma | >37 | Centrifugation | HIV infection | Immunologic role | |
Lok et al, 200841 | Microparticles | Plasma | 12-38 | Centrifugation | PE | High levels of placental microparticles | |
Fetal circulation | Li et al, 201342 | MSC-derived exosomes | Umbilical vein blood | At delivery | Centrifugation and filtration | Normal | Cell therapy |
Zhou et al, 201343 | MSC-derived exosomes | Umbilical vein blood | At delivery | Centrifugation and filtration | Normal | Cell therapy | |
Jia et al, 201533 | MSC-derived exosomes | Umbilical vein blood | At delivery | Centrifugation | PE | Proteomic analysis |
GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction; miRNA, micro-RNA; MSC, mesenchymal stem cells; N/A, not applicable; PE, preeclampsia; STMB, syncytiotrophoblast microvesicles.