Major Complications (Clavien-Dindo Grade ≥III10), n=39
| Complication | n (%) |
|---|---|
| Grade III: Required surgical, endoscopic, or radiologic intervention | 20 (51.3) |
| Colon injury | 8 (20.5) |
| Intra-abdominal abscess | 5 (12.8) |
| Duodenal injury | 2 (5.1) |
| Vascular injury | 2 (5.1) |
| Wound infection | 2 (5.1) |
| Spleen injury | 1 (2.6) |
| Grade IV: Required intensive care unit admission | 7 (17.9) |
| Grade V: Mortality | 3 (7.7) |
Note: Ten patients had 2 or more major complications.