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Apoptosis and melanoma chemoresistance

Abstract

Melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer and is notoriously resistant to all current modalities of cancer therapy. A large set of genetic, functional and biochemical studies suggest that melanoma cells become ‘bullet proof’ against a variety of chemotherapeutic drugs by exploiting their intrinsic resistance to apoptosis and by reprogramming their proliferation and survival pathways during melanoma progression. In recent years, the identification of molecules involved in the regulation and execution of apoptosis, and their alteration in melanoma, have provided new insights into the molecular basis for melanoma chemoresistance. With this knowledge in hand, the challenge is now to devise strategies potent enough to compensate or bypass these cell death defects and improve the actual poor prognosis of patients at late stages of the disease.

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Acknowledgements

We apologize to those investigators whose work was not cited or discussed because of space limitations. We thank the members of our laboratories, past and present, for their support and advice. MSS is a Dermatology Foundation Scholar and funded in part by a Life Sciences Biomedical Scholar from the University of Michigan. SWL is a Rita Allen Foundation Scholar and is supported by the American Cancer Society and the National Cancer Institute.

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Soengas, M., Lowe, S. Apoptosis and melanoma chemoresistance. Oncogene 22, 3138–3151 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1206454

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