In many patients with liver metastases from islet cell or carcinoid tumor, vascular occlusion therapy results in prolonged control of symptoms, biochemical response, and also tumor regression. Chemotherapy agents were added to evaluate safety and efficacy. Thirty patients with liver metastases from either carcinoid tumor or islet cell carcinoma underwent sequential vascular occlusion therapy combined with chemotherapeutic agents. In patients with carcinoid tumor, a combination of cisplatin (150 mg) and doxorubicin (50 mg) was used. In patients with islet cell carcinoma, a combination of 5-fluorouracil (350 mg) and streptozotocin (1000-2000 mg) was used. Sixteen patients had carcinoid tumor and 14 had islet cell carcinoma. Biochemical response was observed in 12 of 16 (75%) carcinoid patients and 9 of 10 (90%) islet cell patients. The overall partial response rate was 37% (11/30 patients). Partial response occurred in 4 of 16 (25%) patients with carcinoid tumor and 7 of 14 (50%) with islet cell carcinoma. The median duration of partial responses was 24 months (range, 6-63+ months). The median survival of all patients was 15 months (range, 2-67+ months). No treatment-related deaths occurred. Our data suggest that the addition of these chemotherapeutic agents to vascular occlusion, although safe, has no additional benefit.